Ukunakekelwa kwelanga, kwaye ngokukodwa ukukhuselwa kwelanga, yenye yeamacandelo akhula ngokukhawuleza emarike yokhathalelo lomntu.Kwakhona, ukukhuselwa kwe-UV ngoku kufakwe kwiimveliso ezininzi zokuthambisa ezisetyenziselwa imihla ngemihla (umzekelo, iimveliso zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba sobuso kunye nezithambiso zokuhombisa), njengoko abathengi beqonda ngakumbi ukuba imfuneko yokuzikhusela elangeni ayisebenzi kuphela kwiholide yaselwandle. .
Umyili wanamhlanje wokhathalelo lwelangakufuneka bafezekise i-SPF ephezulu kunye nomngeni wemigangatho yokukhusela i-UVA, ngelixa usenza iimveliso ezintle ngokwaneleyo ukukhuthaza ukuthotyelwa kwabathengi, kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba zifikeleleke ngamaxesha oqoqosho anzima.
Ukusebenza kunye nobuhle enyanisweni zixhomekeke enye kwenye; ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezinto ezisebenzayo ezisetyenziswayo kwenza ukuba iimveliso eziphezulu ze-SPF zenziwe kunye namanqanaba amancinci e-UV filters. Oku kuvumela umenzi wefomula inkululeko enkulu yokwandisa ukuziva kwesikhumba. Ngokuchaseneyo, ubuhle bemveliso elungileyo bukhuthaza abathengi ukuba basebenzise iimveliso ezininzi kwaye ke ngoko basondele kwi-SPF ebhalwe igama.
Iimpawu zokuSebenza ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha izihluzi ze-UV zokwenziwa kweZithambiso
• Ukhuseleko lweqela elijoliswe kubasebenzisi bokuphela-Zonke izihluzi ze-UV ziye zavavanywa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikhuselekile ngokwendalo ukuba zisetyenziswe kwimixholo; Nangona kunjalo abantu abathile abanovakalelo banokuba nokuchasana neentlobo ezithile zezihluzi ze-UV.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-SPF- Oku kuxhomekeke kwi-wavelength ye-absorbence maximum, ubukhulu be-absorbection, kunye nobubanzi be-absorbence spectrum.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuselo lwe-spectrum / UVA- Imizobo yale mihla ye-sunscreen iyafuneka ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ethile yokukhusela i-UVA, kodwa into ehlala ingaqondwa kakuhle kukuba ukhuseleko lwe-UVA nalo lunegalelo kwi-SPF.
• Impembelelo kwimvakalelo yolusu-Iifilitha ezahlukeneyo ze-UV zineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kwimvakalelo yolusu; umzekelo ezinye izihluzi ze-UV ezinolwelo zinokuziva "zincangathi" okanye "zinzima" esikhumbeni, ngelixa izihluzi ezinyibilikayo emanzini zinegalelo kukuziva komile kolusu.
• Imbonakalo eluswini- Izihluzi ze-inorganic kunye ne-organic particulates zinokubangela ukuba mhlophe eluswini xa zisetyenziswa kwindawo ephezulu; oku kudla ngokungathandekiyo, kodwa kwezinye izicelo (umz. ukunakekelwa kwelanga lomntwana) kunokubonwa njengenzuzo.
• Ukufota-Izihluzi ezininzi ze-UV eziphilayo zibola ekuvezweni kwe-UV, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukusebenza kwazo; kodwa ezinye izihluzi zinokunceda ekuzinziseni ezi zihluzo "ze-photo-labile" kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukuthintela ukubola.
• Ukumelana namanzi- Ukufakwa kwezihlungi ze-UV ezisekwe emanzini ecaleni kwe-oyile zihlala zibonelela ngokunyusa okukhulu kwi-SPF, kodwa kunokwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukufezekisa ukuxhathisa kwamanzi.
»Jonga zonke izithako ezifumaneka ngokurhweba zokhathalelo lwelanga kunye nababoneleli kwiDatha yeZithambiso
IiKhemistri zesihluzi se-UV
I-sunscreen actives ihlelwa ngokubanzi njenge-organic sunscreens okanye i-sunscreens ye-inorganic. Izikhuseli zelanga zendalo zifunxa ngamandla kumaza athile kwaye zibonakala elubala ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo. Izikhuseli zelanga ezingaphiliyo zisebenza ngokubonakalisa okanye ukusasaza imitha ye-UV.
Masifunde ngazo nzulu:
Izikhuseli zelanga zendalo
Izikhuseli zelanga ze-Organic nazo ziyaziwa ngokubaiikhemikhali zokukhusela ilanga. Ezi ziqulathe iimolekyuli ze-organic (carbon-based) ezisebenza njengezikhuseli zelanga ngokufunxa imitha ye-UV kwaye iyiguqulele kumandla obushushu.
I-Organic Sunscreens Amandla kunye nobuthathaka
| Amandla | Ubuthathaka |
| Ubukhazikhazi beCosmetic - uninzi lwezihluzi zendalo, nokuba lulwelo okanye izinto ezinyibilikayo, azishiyi ntsalela ibonakalayo kumphezulu wolusu emva kokusetyenziswa kolwelo. | I-spectrum emxinwa - ezininzi zikhusela kuphela kuluhlu lwamaza olumxinwa |
| Izinto eziphilayo zemveli ziqondwa kakuhle ngabaqulunqi | "IiCocktails" ezifunekayo kwi-SPF ephezulu |
| Ukusebenza kakuhle kwiindawo eziphantsi | Ezinye iintlobo eziqinileyo kunokuba nzima ukunyibilika nokugcina kwisisombululo |
| Imibuzo ngokhuseleko, ukucaphuka kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo | |
| Ezinye izihluzi zendalo azizinzanga |
Organic sunscreens Izicelo
Izihluzi ze-Organic zinokusetyenziswa ngokwemigaqo kulo lonke ukhathalelo lwelanga / iimveliso zokhuselo lwe-UV kodwa zisenokungalungelanga kwiimveliso zabantwana okanye ulusu olubuthathaka ngenxa yokuba nokwenzeka kokungaguquguquki kubantu abanobuthathaka. Kananjalo azifanelekanga kwiimveliso ezenza amabango "endalo" okanye "organic" njengoko zonke ziyimichiza yokwenziwa.
Izihluzi ze-UV ze-Organic: Iintlobo zeekhemikhali
I-PABA (i-para-amino benzoic acid) i-derivatives
• Umzekelo: Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA
• Izihluzi zeUVB
• Ayifane isetyenziswe kule mihla ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokhuseleko
Iisalicylates
• Imizekelo: Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Homosalate
• Izihluzi zeUVB
• Ixabiso eliphantsi
• Ukusebenza okuphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izihluzi ezininzi
IiCinnamates
• Imizekelo: Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Iso-amyl Methoxycinnamate, Octocrylene
• Izihluzo zeUVB ezisebenza kakhulu
• I-Octocrylene ifototable kwaye inceda ekuzinziseni ezinye izihluzi ze-UV, kodwa ezinye ii-cinnamate zidla ngokungabinako ukufota.
Iibenzophenones
• Imizekelo: Benzophenone-3, Benzophenone-4
• Ukubonelela ngokufunxa kwe-UVB kunye ne-UVA
• Ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi kodwa kunceda ukunyusa i-SPF ngokudityaniswa nezinye izihluzi
• I-Benzophenone-3 ayifane isetyenziswe eYurophu namhlanje ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokhuseleko
I-triazine kunye ne-triazole derivatives
• Imizekelo: Ethylhexyl triazone, bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine
• Isebenza kakhulu
• Ezinye zizihluzo ze-UVB, ezinye zinika ukhuseleko olubanzi lwe-UVA/UVB
• Ifotostable entle kakhulu
• Kuyabiza
Iimveliso zeDibenzoyl
• Imizekelo: I-Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDM), i-Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB)
• Izibambisi ze-UVA ezisebenza kakhulu
• I-BMDM ayinakukwazi ukufotokopa kakuhle, kodwa i-DHHB ifotofota ngakumbi
Benzimidazole sulfonic acid derivatives
• Imizekelo: Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA), Disodium Phenyl Dibenzimidazole Tetrasulfonate (DPDT)
• Inyibilika emanzini (xa ingathathi ntweni ngesiseko esifanelekileyo)
• I-PBSA sisihluzo se-UVB; I-DPDT sisihluzo se-UVA
• Rhoqo bonisa intsebenziswano kunye nezihluzo ezinyibilikayo kwi-oyile xa zisetyenziswa ngokudityanisiweyo
Iimveliso zeCamphor
• Umzekelo: 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor
• Isihluzo se-UVB
• Ayifane isetyenziswe kule mihla ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokhuseleko
Anthranilates
• Umzekelo: I-menthyl anthranilate
• Izihluzi ze-UVA
• Ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi
• Ayivunywanga eYurophu
Polysilicone-15
• Ipolima yeSilicone enechromophore kumatyathanga asecaleni
• Isihluzo se-UVB
Izikhuseli zelanga ezingaphiliyo
Ezi zikhuseli zelanga zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-sunscreens ebonakalayo. Ezi ziquka amasuntswana e-inorganic asebenza njengezikhuseli elangeni ngokufunxa nokusasaza imitha ye-UV. I-sunscreens engabonakaliyo ifumaneka mhlawumbi njenge powders ezomileyo okanye i-pre-dispersions.
I-Inorganic sunscreens Amandla kunye nobuthathaka
| Amandla | Ubuthathaka |
| Ikhuselekile / ayicaphukisi | Umbono we-aesthetics engalunganga (i-skinfeel kunye nokumhlophe kwesikhumba) |
| I-spectrum ebanzi | Iipowders kunokuba nzima ukwenza ngazo |
| I-SPF ephezulu (30+) inokufezekiswa ngokusebenza okukodwa (TiO2) | I-Inorganics iye yabanjwa kwingxoxo ye-nano |
| Ii-dispersions kulula ukuzifaka | |
| Ifototable |
Izicelo ze-Inorganic Sunscreens
I-sunscreens ye-inorganic ifanelekile kuzo naziphi na izicelo zokukhusela i-UV ngaphandle kweendlela ezicacileyo okanye izitshizi ze-aerosol. Zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukunakekelwa kwelanga lomntwana, iimveliso zesikhumba ezibuthathaka, iimveliso ezenza amabango "endalo", kunye nezithambiso zokuhombisa.
Izihluzi ze-UV ezingaphiliyo Iintlobo zeMichiza
I-Titanium Dioxide
• Ngokuyintloko isihluzo se-UVB, kodwa amanye amabanga akwabonelela ngokhuseleko olululo lwe-UVA
• Amabakala ahlukeneyo akhoyo anobungakanani bamasuntswana ahlukeneyo, iingubo njl.njl.
• Uninzi lwamabakala luwela kummandla we-nanoparticles
• Awona masuntswana amancinane abonakala eluswini kodwa anika ukhuseleko oluncinci kwi-UVA; iisayizi ezinkulu zinika ukhuseleko lwe-UVA ngakumbi kodwa zibe mhlophe ngakumbi eluswini
I-Zinc oxide
• Ngokuyintloko isihluzo se-UVA; ukusebenza okuphantsi kwe-SPF kune-TiO2, kodwa inika ukhuseleko olungcono kune-TiO2 kumgama omde we-wavelength "UVA-I"
• Amabakala ahlukeneyo akhoyo anobungakanani bamasuntswana ahlukeneyo, iingubo njl.njl.
• Uninzi lwamabakala luwela kummandla we-nanoparticles
Ukusebenza / iChemistry matrix
Ireyithi ukusuka -5 ukuya +5:
-5: isiphumo esibi esibalulekileyo | 0: akukho siphumo | +5: isiphumo esihle esibalulekileyo
(Qaphela: kwiindleko kunye nokwenza mhlophe, "isiphumo esibi" sithetha ixabiso okanye ukwenziwa mhlophe kunyuswe.)
| Iindleko | SPF | UVA | Ukuziva kolusu | Ukwenza mhlophe | Ukuzinza kwefoto | Amanzi | |
| Benzophenone-3 | -2 | +4 | +2 | 0 | 0 | +3 | 0 |
| Benzophenone-4 | -2 | +2 | +2 | 0 | 0 | +3 | 0 |
| I-Bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine | -4 | +5 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Butyl Methoxy-dibenzoylmethane | -2 | +2 | +5 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 |
| I-Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate | -4 | +1 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone | -4 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| I-disodium Phenyl Dibenzimiazole Tetrasulfonate | -4 | +3 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +3 | -2 |
| Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA | -1 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
| Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate | -2 | +4 | +1 | -1 | 0 | -3 | +1 |
| Ethylhexyl Salicylate | -1 | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
| Ethylhexyl Triazone | -3 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| I-Homosalate | -1 | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
| Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate | -3 | +4 | +1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | +1 |
| I-Menthel Anthranilate | -3 | +1 | +2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor | -3 | +3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| I-Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol | -5 | +4 | +5 | -1 | -2 | +4 | -1 |
| Octocrylene | -3 | +3 | +1 | -2 | 0 | +5 | 0 |
| Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid | -2 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +3 | -2 |
| Polysilicone-15 | -4 | +1 | 0 | +1 | 0 | +3 | +2 |
| I-Tris-biphenyl Triazine | -5 | +5 | +3 | -1 | -2 | +3 | -1 |
| I-Titanium Dioxide - ibakala elicacileyo | -3 | +5 | +2 | -1 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| I-Titanium Dioxide - ibakala le-spectrum ebanzi | -3 | +5 | +4 | -2 | -3 | +4 | 0 |
| I-Zinc oxide | -3 | +2 | +4 | -2 | -1 | +4 | 0 |
Imiba echaphazela ukusebenza kwezihluzo ze-UV
Iimpawu zokusebenza zetitanium dioxide kunye ne-zinc oxide ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zodidi oluthile olusetyenzisiweyo, umz. i-coating, ifom ye-physical (umgubo, i-oyile-based dispersion, i-water-based dispersion).Abasebenzisi kufuneka babonisane nabathengisi phambi kokukhetha elona bakala lifanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zabo zentsebenzo kwinkqubo yabo yokuqulunqa.
Ukusebenza kweefilitha ze-UV ezinyibilikayo ze-oyile ziphenjelelwa kukunyibilika kwazo kwii-emollients ezisetyenziswe ekuqulunqweni. Ngokubanzi, i-polar emollients zezona zinyibilikisi zilungileyo kwizihluzi zendalo.
Ukusebenza kwazo zonke izihluzi ze-UV ziphenjelelwa ngokunzulu kukuziphatha kwerheological yokwakheka kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukwenza ifilimu elinganayo, ehambelanayo eluswini. Ukusetyenziswa kweefilimu ezifanelekileyo kunye nezongezo ze-rheological zihlala zinceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezihlungi.
Umdibaniso onomdla wezihluzi ze-UV (isynergies)
Zininzi indibaniselwano yezihluzi ze-UV ezibonisa intsebenziswano. Ezona ziphumo zilungileyo ze-synergistic zidla ngokufezekiswa ngokudibanisa izihluzo ezincedisana ngenye indlela, umzekelo:-
• Ukudibanisa izihluzi ezinyibilikayo kwioyile (okanye ezisasazwe ngeoyile) nezihluzo ezinyibilikayo emanzini (okanye ezisasazwe ngamanzi)
• Ukudibanisa izihluzi ze-UVA nezihluzo ze-UVB
• Ukudibanisa izihluzi ezingaphiliyo nezihluzo eziphilayo
Kukwakho imidibaniso ethile enokuvelisa ezinye izibonelelo, umzekelo yaziwa kakuhle ukuba i-octocrylene inceda ekuzinziseni izihluzi ezithile zefoto-labile ezifana ne-butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane.
Nangona kunjalo umntu kufuneka asoloko ekhumbula ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda kule ndawo. Maninzi amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza agquma indibaniselwano ethile yezihluzi ze-UV kwaye abaqulunqi bayacetyiswa ukuba basoloko bejonga ukuba indibaniselwano abaceba ukuyisebenzisa ayiphuli naziphi na iipatent zomntu wesithathu.
Khetha isihluzo esiLungileyo se-UV kuLwakhiwo lwakho lweZithambiso
La manyathelo alandelayo aya kukunceda ukhethe isihluzo esifanelekileyo se-UV sokwenziwa kwezithambiso zakho:
1. Misa iinjongo ezicacileyo zentsebenzo, iimpawu zobuhle kunye namabango acetywayo ekuqulunqweni kwawo.
2. Khangela ukuba zeziphi izihluzi ezivumelekileyo kwimarike ekujoliswe kuyo.
3. Ukuba une-chassis yoqulunqo oluthile onqwenela ukulisebenzisa, qwalasela ukuba zeziphi izihluzi eziya kuhambelana naloo chassis. Nangona kunjalo ukuba kuyenzeka kungcono ukhethe amacebo okucoca kuqala kwaye uyilwe ukwakheka okujikelezileyo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ngezihluzo ezingaphiliyo okanye zenxalenye ye-organic.
4. Sebenzisa iingcebiso ezivela kubaboneleli kunye/okanye izixhobo zokuxela kwangaphambili ezifana ne-BASF Sunscreen Simulator ukuchonga imidibaniso efaneleukufikelela kwi-SPF ecetywayokunye neethagethi ze-UVA.
Ezi ndibaniselwano zinokuzanywa emva koko kwimixube. Iindlela zokuvavanya i-in-vitro SPF kunye ne-UVA ziluncedo kweli nqanaba ukubonisa ukuba yeyiphi indibaniselwano enika ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo ngokwendlela yokusebenza- ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesicelo, ukutolika kunye nokulinganiselwa kolu vavanyo lunokuqokelelwa kunye nekhosi ye-SpecialChem e-training:UVA/SPF: Ukuphucula iiProtokholi zakho zoVavanyo
Iziphumo zovavanyo, kunye neziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo kunye neemvavanyo (umz. uzinzo, ukusebenza kakuhle kolondolozo, ukuvakala kwesikhumba), zenza ukuba umenzi-fomula akhethe eyona ndlela ingcono (ii) kunye nokukhokela uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lwe (iindlela).
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-03-2021